Native Functions

KodiScript provides a rich set of built-in functions with consistent names and behaviour across its SDKs.

Method-call syntax: Any function whose first argument is the value it operates on can also be called as a method, and calls can be chained. value.method(args) is equivalent to method(value, args). For example "hello".toUpperCase(), [3, 1, 2].sort().join(","), or nums.map(fn(x){ x * 2 }). See Functions.

String Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`toString`	`toString(value)`	Converts any value to its string representation
`toNumber`	`toNumber(value)`	Converts a value to a number
`length`	`length(str)`	Returns the length of a string
`substring`	`substring(str, start, [end])`	Extracts a portion of a string
`toUpperCase`	`toUpperCase(str)`	Converts string to uppercase
`toLowerCase`	`toLowerCase(str)`	Converts string to lowercase
`trim`	`trim(str)`	Removes whitespace from both ends
`split`	`split(str, separator)`	Splits a string into an array
`join`	`join(array, separator)`	Joins array elements into a string
`replace`	`replace(str, old, new)`	Replaces all occurrences of a substring
`contains`	`contains(str, substr)`	Checks if string contains a substring
`startsWith`	`startsWith(str, prefix)`	Checks if string starts with prefix
`endsWith`	`endsWith(str, suffix)`	Checks if string ends with suffix
`indexOf`	`indexOf(str, substr)`	Returns index of first occurrence (-1 if not found)
`repeat`	`repeat(str, count)`	Repeats a string `count` times
`padLeft`	`padLeft(str, len, [pad])`	Pads the start of a string to `len` characters
`padRight`	`padRight(str, len, [pad])`	Pads the end of a string to `len` characters

Examples

let text = "  Hello, World!  "
print(trim(text))           // "Hello, World!"
print(toUpperCase("hello")) // "HELLO"
print(split("a,b,c", ","))  // ["a", "b", "c"]
print(contains("hello", "ell")) // true
print(repeat("ab", 3))      // "ababab"
print(padLeft("7", 3, "0")) // "007"

Math Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`abs`	`abs(n)`	Returns absolute value
`floor`	`floor(n)`	Rounds down to nearest integer
`ceil`	`ceil(n)`	Rounds up to nearest integer
`round`	`round(n)`	Rounds to nearest integer
`min`	`min(a, b, ...)`	Returns the smallest value
`max`	`max(a, b, ...)`	Returns the largest value
`pow`	`pow(base, exp)`	Returns base raised to the power of exp
`sqrt`	`sqrt(n)`	Returns square root
`sin`	`sin(n)`	Returns sine (n in radians)
`cos`	`cos(n)`	Returns cosine (n in radians)
`tan`	`tan(n)`	Returns tangent (n in radians)
`log`	`log(n)`	Returns natural logarithm
`log10`	`log10(n)`	Returns base-10 logarithm
`exp`	`exp(n)`	Returns e raised to the power of n

Examples

print(abs(-5))        // 5
print(floor(3.7))     // 3
print(ceil(3.2))      // 4
print(pow(2, 8))      // 256
print(min(5, 3, 8))   // 3

Random Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`random`	`random()`	Returns a random number between 0 and 1
`randomInt`	`randomInt(min, max)`	Returns a random integer in range [min, max]
`randomUUID`	`randomUUID()`	Returns a random UUID v4 string

Examples

print(random())           // 0.742...
print(randomInt(1, 100))  // 42
print(randomUUID())       // "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000"

Type Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`typeOf`	`typeOf(value)`	Returns type as string: “null”, “string”, “number”, “boolean”, “array”, “object”
`isNull`	`isNull(value)`	Returns true if value is null
`isNumber`	`isNumber(value)`	Returns true if value is a number
`isString`	`isString(value)`	Returns true if value is a string
`isBool`	`isBool(value)`	Returns true if value is a boolean

Examples

print(typeOf(42))       // "number"
print(typeOf("hello"))  // "string"
print(isNull(null))     // true
print(isNumber(3.14))   // true

Array Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`size`	`size(array)`	Returns the number of elements
`first`	`first(array)`	Returns the first element or null
`last`	`last(array)`	Returns the last element or null
`reverse`	`reverse(array)`	Returns a reversed copy of the array
`slice`	`slice(array, start, [end])`	Returns a portion of the array
`sort`	`sort(array, ["asc"\|"desc"])`	Returns a sorted copy (ascending by default)
`sortBy`	`sortBy(array, field, ["asc"\|"desc"])`	Sorts array of objects by a field

Examples

let nums = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5]
print(size(nums))       // 5
print(first(nums))      // 3
print(last(nums))       // 5
print(sort(nums))       // [1, 1, 3, 4, 5]
print(sort(nums, "desc")) // [5, 4, 3, 1, 1]
print(reverse(nums))    // [5, 1, 4, 1, 3]

Functional Helpers

Higher-order functions that take a callback. Each also works with method-call syntax (e.g. nums.map(...)).

Function	Signature	Description
`map`	`map(array, fn)`	Transforms each element, returns a new array
`filter`	`filter(array, fn)`	Keeps elements where `fn` returns truthy
`reduce`	`reduce(array, fn, initial)`	Folds the array into a single value
`find`	`find(array, fn)`	Returns the first matching element (or null)
`findIndex`	`findIndex(array, fn)`	Returns the index of the first match (-1 if none)
`some`	`some(array, fn)`	`true` if any element matches
`every`	`every(array, fn)`	`true` if all elements match
`flatMap`	`flatMap(array, fn)`	Maps each element to an array, then flattens one level

Examples

let nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(nums.map(fn(x){ x * 2 }))          // [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
print(nums.filter(fn(x){ x % 2 == 0 }))  // [2, 4]
print(reduce(nums, fn(acc, x){ acc + x }, 0))  // 15
print(find(nums, fn(x){ x > 3 }))        // 4
print(some(nums, fn(x){ x > 4 }))        // true
print(every(nums, fn(x){ x > 0 }))       // true
print(flatMap([1, 2], fn(x){ [x, x * 10] }))   // [1, 10, 2, 20]

Collection Utilities

Function	Signature	Description
`range`	`range(end)` / `range(start, end)`	Builds `[start, end)` as an array
`sum`	`sum(array)`	Sum of all numbers
`avg`	`avg(array)`	Average of all numbers
`unique`	`unique(array)`	Removes duplicate values
`flatten`	`flatten(array)`	Flattens nested arrays one level deep
`push`	`push(array, item, ...)`	Returns a new array with items appended (non-mutating)
`concat`	`concat(arr1, arr2, ...)`	Concatenates multiple arrays

Examples

print(range(5))              // [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
print(range(2, 5))           // [2, 3, 4]
print(sum([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]))  // 15
print(avg([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]))  // 3
print(unique([1, 1, 2, 3, 3]))     // [1, 2, 3]
print(flatten([[1, 2], [3, 4]]))   // [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(push([1, 2], 3))       // [1, 2, 3]
print(concat([1, 2], [3, 4]))      // [1, 2, 3, 4]

Object Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`keys`	`keys(object)`	Array of keys, sorted alphabetically
`values`	`values(object)`	Array of values, ordered by sorted key
`entries`	`entries(object)`	Array of `[key, value]` pairs, ordered by sorted key
`has`	`has(object, key)` / `has(array, value)`	Checks key presence (objects) or membership (arrays)

Examples

let obj = {z: 1, a: 2, m: 3}
print(keys(obj))       // [a, m, z]
print(values(obj))     // [2, 3, 1]
print(entries(obj))    // [[a, 2], [m, 3], [z, 1]]
print(has(obj, "a"))   // true
print(has([1, 2, 3], 3))   // true

Parsing Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`parseInt`	`parseInt(str)`	Parses a value into an integer (truncates)
`parseFloat`	`parseFloat(str)`	Parses a value into a floating-point number

Examples

print(parseInt("99"))     // 99
print(parseInt("3.9"))    // 3
print(parseFloat("3.14")) // 3.14

Regex Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`regexMatch`	`regexMatch(str, pattern)`	Returns `true` if the pattern matches anywhere in the string
`regexReplace`	`regexReplace(str, pattern, replacement)`	Replaces all matches of the pattern

Examples

print(regexMatch("order-123", "[0-9]+"))       // true
print(regexReplace("a1b2c3", "[0-9]", "#"))     // "a#b#c#"

JSON Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`jsonParse`	`jsonParse(str)`	Parses a JSON string into an object/array
`jsonStringify`	`jsonStringify(value)`	Converts a value to JSON string

Examples

let obj = jsonParse('{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}')
print(obj.name)  // "Alice"
 
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
print(jsonStringify(arr))  // "[1,2,3]"

Encoding Functions

Base64

Function	Signature	Description
`base64Encode`	`base64Encode(str)`	Encodes string to Base64
`base64Decode`	`base64Decode(str)`	Decodes Base64 string

URL

Function	Signature	Description
`urlEncode`	`urlEncode(str)`	URL-encodes a string
`urlDecode`	`urlDecode(str)`	Decodes a URL-encoded string

Examples

print(base64Encode("Hello"))  // "SGVsbG8="
print(base64Decode("SGVsbG8="))  // "Hello"
 
print(urlEncode("hello world"))  // "hello+world"
print(urlDecode("hello+world"))  // "hello world"

Date/Time Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`now`	`now()`	Returns current timestamp in milliseconds
`date`	`date()`	Returns current date as string (YYYY-MM-DD)
`time`	`time()`	Returns current time as string (HH:MM:SS)
`datetime`	`datetime()`	Returns current ISO 8601 datetime string
`timestamp`	`timestamp([dateStr])`	Parses date string to timestamp, or returns current if no arg
`formatDate`	`formatDate(ts, [format])`	Formats timestamp with pattern (YYYY, MM, DD, HH, mm, ss)
`year`	`year([ts])`	Extracts year from timestamp (or current)
`month`	`month([ts])`	Extracts month (1-12) from timestamp
`day`	`day([ts])`	Extracts day of month from timestamp
`hour`	`hour([ts])`	Extracts hour (0-23) from timestamp
`minute`	`minute([ts])`	Extracts minute (0-59) from timestamp
`second`	`second([ts])`	Extracts second (0-59) from timestamp
`dayOfWeek`	`dayOfWeek([ts])`	Returns day of week (0=Sunday, 6=Saturday)
`addDays`	`addDays(ts, days)`	Adds days to timestamp
`addHours`	`addHours(ts, hours)`	Adds hours to timestamp
`diffDays`	`diffDays(ts1, ts2)`	Returns difference in days between two timestamps

Examples

// Current date/time
print(now())       // 1735638735000 (timestamp)
print(date())      // "2024-12-31"
print(time())      // "09:32:15"
print(datetime())  // "2024-12-31T09:32:15.000Z"
 
// Parse and format
let ts = timestamp("2024-12-25")
print(formatDate(ts, "DD/MM/YYYY"))  // "25/12/2024"
 
// Extract components
print(year())      // 2024
print(month())     // 12
print(day())       // 31
print(dayOfWeek()) // 2 (Tuesday)
 
// Date arithmetic
let tomorrow = addDays(now(), 1)
let nextWeek = addDays(now(), 7)
let diff = diffDays(ts, now())  // Days since Christmas

Crypto/Hash Functions

Function	Signature	Description
`md5`	`md5(str)`	Returns MD5 hash as hex string
`sha1`	`sha1(str)`	Returns SHA-1 hash as hex string
`sha256`	`sha256(str)`	Returns SHA-256 hash as hex string

Examples

print(md5("hello"))     // "5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592"
print(sha256("hello"))  // "2cf24dba5fb0a30e26e83b2ac5b9e29e..."

Output Function

Function	Signature	Description
`print`	`print(value, ...)`	Outputs values (captured by interpreter)

The print function is special - it doesn’t return a value but captures output that can be retrieved from the interpreter after execution.

print("Hello, World!")
print("The answer is:", 42)

Control Flow 🔌 Extensibility